OMGP (Oligodendrocyte-Myelin Glycoprotein) is a gene encoding a protein involved in neural development, myelination, and inhibition of neurite outgrowth.
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | OMGP |
| Full Name | Oligodendrocyte-Myelin Glycoprotein |
| Chromosome | 5p12 |
| NCBI Gene | 4974 |
| Ensembl | ENSG00000171570 |
| UniProt | P58304 |
| Aliases | OMG, p190 |
OMGP encodes oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (OMGp), a member of the reticulon family of proteins known for their roles in inhibiting axonal regeneration1. The protein is expressed primarily by oligodendrocytes and plays critical roles in CNS development, myelination, and maintaining the inhibitory environment that prevents axonal regeneration after injury.
OMGp is a membrane-bound glycoprotein with several important functions:
OMGp exerts its inhibitory effects by binding to the Nogo receptor (NgR1) complex, which includes:
This receptor complex activates downstream signaling pathways including RhoA/ROCK, leading to growth cone collapse and inhibition of axonal regeneration2.
OMGp shows specific expression patterns:
OMGP polymorphisms have been associated with MS susceptibility:
| Variant Type | Effect | Associated Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Missense | Altered function | MS risk modifier |
| Promoter variants | Altered expression | ALS, MS |
| Copy number variants | Gene dosage | Neurodevelopmental |
Several therapeutic strategies target OMGp:
| Protein | Receptor | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Nogo-A | NgR1 | Myelin inhibition |
| MAG | NgR1 | Myelin inhibition |
| OMGp | NgR1 | Myelin inhibition |
| Lingo-1 | NgR1/TROY | Co-receptor |
OMGp participates in several key pathways:
OMGp knockout mice show:
The study of Omgp Gene has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Mikol DD, et al. (1990). Cloning and characterization of the human oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein. J Cell Biol, 111(6 Pt 2):2673-2679. DOI
Huang JK, et al. (2021). Myelin inhibitors and CNS regeneration. Nat Rev Neurosci, 22(4):207-220. DOI
Schell U, et al. (2022). OMGP in myelin formation and repair. Glia, 70(8):1465-1478. DOI
McKerracher L, et al. (2019). Nogo and OMGP in spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol, 317:244-253. DOI
Bandtlow CE, et al. (2018). OMGP in demyelinating diseases. Mult Scler, 24(12):1537-1547. DOI
Filbin MT, et al. (2020). Myelin-associated glycoprotein and neuroregeneration. Brain Res, 1729:146622. DOI
Pernet V, et al. (2018). Intrathecal anti-Nogo-A therapy in chronic spinal cord injury: clinical translation. Neurosurgery, 83(5):872-880. DOI
Schwab ME. (2010). Functions of Nogo proteins and their receptors in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci, 11(12):799-811. DOI