Anti-AMPAR encephalitis involves antibodies against AMPA-type glutamate receptors, causing limbic encephalitis.
Anti-AMPAR encephalitis:
- Less common than anti-NMDAR
- Often paraneoplastic
- Associated with thymoma, lung cancer
- Good treatment response
- CA1 most vulnerable
- High AMPAR density
- Memory impairment
- Emotional processing
- Anxiety, fear
- Limbic system
- Language dominance
- Semantic memory
- Integration functions
- Antibodies cause receptor removal
- Synaptic dysfunction
- Reduces excitatory transmission
- Thymoma (most common)
- Lung cancer
- Breast cancer
- Memory loss
- Confusion
- Executive dysfunction
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Personality changes
- Seizures
- Movement disorders
- Dysautonomia
- Corticosteroids
- IVIG
- Plasma exchange
- Essential when present
- Often improves prognosis
¶ Maintenance
- Long-term immunosuppression
- Prevent relapse
- Anti-AMPAR encephalitis (2022)
- Limbic encephalitis (2021)