Slc25A4 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
SLC25A4 (Solute Carrier Family 25 Member 4), also known as ANT1 (Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1), is a mitochondrial carrier protein that facilitates the exchange of ADP and ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. [2]
SLC25A4 is a critical component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system, responsible for transporting ATP generated in the mitochondria to the cytosol while importing ADP for phosphorylation. This translocase is essential for cellular energy production and has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases. [3]
| Attribute | Value | [4]
|-----------|-------| [5]
| Protein Name | Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1 | [6]
| UniProt ID | P12235 | [7]
| Gene Symbol | SLC25A4 |
| Aliases | ANT1, AAC1, SLC25A4 |
| Protein Length | 298 amino acids |
| Molecular Weight | ~33 kDa |
| Subcellular Location | Mitochondria (inner membrane) |
| Topology | 6 transmembrane helices |
The primary reaction catalyzed by SLC25A4:
ATP(out) + ADP(in) → ATP(in) + ADP(out)
This exchange is:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Turnover rate | ~50-100 per second |
| Substrate affinity | Low micromolar range |
| Inhibitors | Atractyloside, bongkrekic acid |
| pH optimum | 7.0-7.5 |
| Approach | Target | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Coenzyme Q10 | Electron transport | Clinical trials |
| ANT1 activators | Direct activation | Preclinical |
| Metabolic modulators | Cellular energetics | Research |
| Gene therapy | SLC25A4 expression | Experimental |
| Tissue | Expression Level |
|---|---|
| Heart | Highest |
| Skeletal muscle | High |
| Brain | Moderate |
| Kidney | Moderate |
| Liver | Low |
The study of Slc25A4 Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Fiore C, et al. (1998). Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes. 1998. ↩︎
Brand MD, et al. (2005). Cell Calcium. 2005. ↩︎
Wallace DC. (2005). Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics. 2005. ↩︎
Brower JV, et al. (2019). Neurochemical Research. 2019. ↩︎
Milenkovic D, et al. (2013). Neurochemistry International. 2013. ↩︎
Azzu V, et al. (2010). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2010. ↩︎
Palmieri L, et al. (2008). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2008. ↩︎