REG3G (Regenerating Islet-Derived Protein 3 Gamma) is a C-type lectin member of the Reg family involved in immune responses, mucosal defense, and tissue regeneration. The protein is encoded by the REG3G gene located on chromosome 19p13.3 and is primarily expressed in intestinal epithelium, pancreatic islets, and immune cells 1. REG3G plays important roles in bacterial clearance, mucosal healing, and inflammatory responses 1.
| REG3G Protein | |
|---|---|
| Protein Name | Regenerating Islet-Derived Protein 3 Gamma |
| Gene | [REG3G](/genes/reg3g) |
| UniProt | [Q8WWE1](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8WWE1) |
| Location | Extracellular, secretory |
| Function | Immune response, antimicrobial |
| MW | 16.5 kDa |
REG3G possesses a C-type lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), a conserved QPD motif for sugar binding, a signal peptide for secretion, and an NK-lysin-type lectin fold 1.
REG3G binds to bacterial cell walls and promotes bacterial clearance through direct bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria, mucosal healing via epithelial cell proliferation, and immune cell recruitment including neutrophils and macrophages 4.
The gut-brain axis connection in PD has become increasingly recognized. Pathological alpha-synuclein may originate in the gut 2, and PD patients exhibit increased intestinal permeability. Altered REG3G expression may contribute to dysbiosis, which is observed in PD patients 3.
Gut-related mechanisms in AD include systemic inflammation from gut leaks, microbiome-brain axis signaling affecting amyloid clearance, and REG3G involvement in lipid metabolism 5.
Therapeutic strategies include probiotic approaches targeting gut microbiome, anti-inflammatory agents modulating gut-brain inflammation, and REG3G-based therapies using recombinant REG3G for mucosal healing 4.