title: PGRMC1 Protein
description: PGRMC1 - Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is a heme-binding membrane protein that serves a...
tags: kind:protein, section:proteins, state:published
| Gene | [PGRMC1](/proteins/pgrmc1) |
|---|---|
| UniProt | O00264 |
| PDB Structures | 4X8N, 5O0T |
| Molecular Weight | 21.6 kDa |
| Subcellular Localization | Endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, nucleus |
| Protein Family | PGRMC family, membrane-associated progesterone receptor |
PGRMC1 (Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1) is a heme-binding membrane protein that serves as a progesterone receptor and regulates various cellular processes including cholesterol metabolism, apoptosis, and cellular signaling. It is a member of the PGRMC (Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component) family and is widely expressed across tissues with particularly high expression in the brain[1].
In the central nervous system, PGRMC1 is expressed in neurons and glial cells throughout the brain, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Its presence in these regions suggests important roles in normal brain function and in neuroprotection[2].
PGRMC1 functions through multiple mechanisms. As a heme-binding protein, it can sense cellular redox states and regulate heme-dependent processes. It interacts with various proteins including cytochrome P450 enzymes, σ-2 receptor, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), enabling it to modulate diverse signaling pathways important for neuronal survival[3].
The role of PGRMC1 in neurodegeneration has garnered significant attention. Studies have implicated PGRMC1 in:
Therapeutic targeting of PGRMC1 is an emerging area of research. Small molecules that modulate PGRMC1 activity are being explored for their potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, understanding PGRMC1's role in cholesterol homeostasis and steroidogenesis in the brain may provide insights into age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative processes[7].
PGRMC1 is a PGRMC family, membrane-associated progesterone receptor protein with a molecular weight of approximately 21.6 kDa. The protein localizes to endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, nucleus.
Liu L, Cai J, Wang H, et al. (2019). Molecular Neurobiology. 2019. ↩︎
Intlekofer KA, Petersen SL (2011). Distribution of mRNAs encoding classical progestin receptor, progesterone receptor membrane components 1 and 2, serotonin receptor 1B, and pajares in rat forebrain. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2011. ↩︎
Meffre D, Labombarda F, Delespierre B, et al. (2013). Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 2013. ↩︎
Cai J, Liu L, Wang H, et al. (2020). Neurobiology of Aging. 2020. ↩︎
Gatto NM, Paulewicz B, Doty RL (2015). Progesterone binding to the olfactory system. Brain Research. 2015. ↩︎
Liu L, Chen C, Wang Z, et al. (2021). Cell Death & Disease. 2021. ↩︎
Su C, Cunningham RL, Rybalova N, et al. (2019). Advances in Neurobiology. 2019. ↩︎