Gria4 Protein Glutamate Receptor Ampa Type Subunit 4 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
GRIA4 Protein (GluR4/AMPA receptor subunit 4) is encoded by the GRIA4 gene. It is a subunit of the AMPA-type glutamate receptors, which mediate the majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. [1]
| Attribute | Value | [2]
|-----------|-------| [3]
| Protein Name | Glutamate receptor 4 | [4]
| Gene | GRIA4 | [5]
| UniProt ID | P35070 | [6]
| Molecular Weight | ~101 kDa | [7]
| Subcellular Localization | Plasma membrane, postsynaptic density |
| Protein Family | Ionotropic glutamate receptor (AMPA) |
AMPA receptors are tetrameric ion channels composed of four subunits (GRIA1-4):
GRIA4 assembles with other AMPA receptor subunits (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3) to form functional tetrameric receptors. The composition determines:
GRIA4-containing receptors are particularly notable for:
GRIA4 plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity:
Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)
Long-Term Depression (LTD)
Unlike GRIA2-containing receptors, GRIA4 homomers and heteromers are calcium-permeable:
GRIA4 shows region-specific expression:
The study of Gria4 Protein Glutamate Receptor Ampa Type Subunit 4 has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Hollmann M, Heinemann S (1994) Cloned glutamate receptors. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 1994. ↩︎
Malinow R, Malenka RC (2002) AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 2002. ↩︎
Isaac JT, et al. (2007) AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Brain Research Reviews. 2007. ↩︎
Liu SJ, Zukin RS (2007) Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity and neuronal death. Trends in Neurosciences. 2007. ↩︎
Twomey EC, et al. (2016) AMPA receptor ligand-binding domain mutations. Neuropharmacology. 2016. ↩︎
Kandel ER, et al. (2021) Principles of Neural Science. McGraw-Hill. 2021. ↩︎
Collingridge GL, et al. (2009) Understanding the NMDA receptor. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 2009. ↩︎