.infobox .infobox-protein
!!! Info
- Protein Name: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2)
- Gene: FGFR2
- UniProt: P21802
- PDB: 1e0o, 1ii7
- Molecular Weight: 110.0 kDa (FGFR2c isoform)
- Subcellular Localization: Cell surface, Endosomes
- Protein Family: FGFR family, Receptor tyrosine kinase
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays essential roles in embryonic development, tissue morphogenesis, and adult tissue homeostasis [1]. Like FGFR1, FGFR2 binds fibroblast growth factors but exhibits distinct ligand specificity, particularly for FGF7 and FGF10 (keratinocyte growth factor, KGF) [1]. In the nervous system, FGFR2 is expressed in neural progenitor cells, astrocytes, and specific neuronal populations. FGFR2 signaling has been implicated in cortical development, hippocampal function, and neurodegenerative processes [2]. [1]
FGFR2 shares structural homology with other FGFR family members, containing three immunoglobulin-like extracellular domains (IgI-IgIII), a transmembrane domain, and a split tyrosine kinase domain [1]. The receptor has multiple isoforms (FGFR2b, FGFR2c) generated by alternative splicing, with the FGFR2b isoform expressed primarily in epithelial cells and FGFR2c in mesenchymal cells [1]. This isoform diversity contributes to the tissue-specific functions of FGFR2. [2]
FGFR2 signaling is activated by a distinct set of FGF ligands compared to FGFR1, with particularly high affinity for FGF7 (KGF) and FGF10 [1]. In the nervous system: [3]
FGFR2 is implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: