Adar2 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
:: infobox .infobox-protein [1]
Protein Name: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase [2]
Gene: ADARB1 [3]
UniProt ID: P78563 [4]
PDB ID: 5EDG, 6A3K [5]
Molecular Weight: ~80 kDa (full-length) [6]
Subcellular Localization: Nucleus, nucleolus [7]
Protein Family: ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) family
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ADAR2 PROTEIN is a gene/protein encoding a key neuronal protein involved in synaptic function, signal transduction, and cellular homeostasis. Dysfunction of ADAR2 PROTEIN is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and related disorders.
ADAR2 (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2) contains several functional domains:
The deaminase domain has a zinc-dependent catalytic mechanism with a conserved His/Cys motif.
ADAR2 catalyzes adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, a post-transcriptional modification:
| Approach | Description | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Gene therapy | AAV-delivered ADARB1 | Preclinical |
| Small molecules | Enhance ADAR2 activity | Discovery |
| ASOs | Target specific editing sites | Preclinical |
The study of Adar2 Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Hogg M, et al. ADAR2-mediated RNA editing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Neuroscience. 2020. ↩︎
Yamashita T, et al. ADAR2 editing deficiency in motor neurons. Cell Reports. 2019. ↩︎
Aizawa H, et al. ADAR2 and RNA metabolism in ALS/FTD. Acta Neuropathologica. 2020. ↩︎
Sakurai M, et al. ADAR2-mediated editing of GluK2 in excitotoxicity. Brain. 2018. ↩︎
Hideyama T, et al. ADAR2 and RNA editing in neurodegenerative disease. Neurobiology of Aging. 2019. ↩︎
Kwak S, et al. ADAR2 and RNA editing: From molecules to therapy. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2020. ↩︎
Ota R, et al. ADAR2 in brain ischemia and stroke. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 2021. ↩︎