Txn — Thioredoxin is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
Official Symbol: TXN [1]
Official Full Name: Thioredoxin [2]
Gene Type: Protein Coding [3]
Location: Chromosome 9q31.3 [4]
NCBI Gene ID: 7295 [5]
Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136810 [6]
UniProt ID: P10599 [7]
Thioredoxin (TXN) is a small (12 kDa) ubiquitous antioxidant protein that plays a central role in cellular redox homeostasis. It is a key component of the thioredoxin system, which includes thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) and NADPH. TXN maintains a reduced intracellular environment by catalyzing disulfide bond reduction in target proteins, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. In the nervous system, TXN is essential for neuronal survival, synaptic function, and protection against neurodegenerative processes.
The study of Txn — Thioredoxin has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Masutani H et al. Thioredoxin in brain injury and neuroprotection (2004). 2004. ↩︎
Lovell MA et al. Thioredoxin in Alzheimer's disease (2000). 2000. ↩︎
Tobe K et al. Thioredoxin and Parkinson's disease (2003). 2003. ↩︎
Andersen JK et al. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration (2004). 2004. ↩︎
Jiang B et al. Thioredoxin in stroke (2021). 2021. ↩︎
Sasakura C et al. Thioredoxin and ALS (2010). 2010. ↩︎
Kaimul AM et al. Thioredoxin in synaptic plasticity (2007). 2007. ↩︎