Trem1 — Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid Cells 1 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
Official Symbol: TREM1 [1]
Official Full Name: Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 [2]
Gene ID: 54206 [3]
Chromosomal Location: 6p21.1 [4]
Protein: Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1)
The TREM1 gene encodes Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1), a cell surface receptor primarily expressed on neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. TREM-1 amplifies inflammatory responses to microbial infections and plays a significant role in inflammatory diseases, including neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders.
The TREM1 gene spans approximately 3.5 kb on chromosome 6p21.1 and consists of 5 exons. The gene encodes a 234 amino acid type I transmembrane protein. TREM1 is part of a gene family including TREM2 and TREM3 (a pseudogene in humans).
TREM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily:
The receptor forms a complex with DAP12 (TYROBP), which contains an ITAM motif for signal transduction.
TREM-1 functions as an amplifier of innate immune responses:
TREM-1 is expressed primarily on:
In the CNS, TREM-1 is expressed primarily on activated microglia and infiltrating macrophages.
TREM-1 is a promising therapeutic target:
Clinical trials are underway for TREM1 inhibitors in inflammatory diseases.
The study of Trem1 — Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid Cells 1 has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
TREM-1 in Parkinson's disease. 2021. ↩︎
TREM-1 and ALS pathogenesis. 2021. ↩︎
TREM-1 in multiple sclerosis. 2020. ↩︎
TREM1 as therapeutic target. 2021. ↩︎