PANX1 (Pannexin 1) is a large-pore channel that allows ATP release and participates in intercellular signaling. This gene plays important roles in the nervous system and has been implicated in various aspects of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
| PANX1 Gene | |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | PANX1 |
| Full Name | Pannexin 1 |
| Chromosomal Location | 11q14.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 93978 |
| OMIM | 608420 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000110234 |
| UniProt ID | Q96FY0 |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Stroke, Epilepsy, Migraine |
PANX1 encodes pannexin 1, a membrane channel that forms large-pore channels allowing the release of ATP, UTP, and other signaling molecules from cells. Pannexin channels are distinct from connexins and innexins, representing a third family of gap junction proteins. PANX1 channels are activated by various stimuli including membrane depolarization, intracellular calcium increase, and activation of various receptors. They play important roles in ATP release, which acts as a "find-me" signal for apoptotic cell clearance and regulates purinergic signaling.
| Disease | Role | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's Disease | Exacerbating | PANX1 opening leads to calcium dysregulation, amyloid toxicity |
| Parkinson's Disease | Neuroprotective/Detrimental | ATP release affects dopaminergic neuron survival |
| Stroke | Exacerbating | PANX1 activation contributes to ischemic neuronal death |
| Epilepsy | Exacerbating | PANX1 contributes to seizure-induced neuronal death |
| Migraine | Mechanism | PANX1 in trigeminovascular system |
PANX1 is widely expressed: