Grm4 — Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 4 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
GRM4 (Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 4) encodes the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4), a Group III metabotropic glutamate receptor that serves as an autoreceptor regulating glutamate release.
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | GRM4 |
| Full Name | Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 4 |
| Chromosomal Location | 6p21.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2918 |
| OMIM | 604100 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000168610 |
| Q14833 |
The GRM4 gene encodes mGluR4, a 912 amino acid G protein-coupled receptor.
mGluR4 is a presynaptic autoreceptor that negatively modulates neurotransmitter release:
High expression in:
| Agent | Mechanism | Status | Indication |
|---|---|---|---|
| PHCCC | mGluR4 PAM | Research | PD, anxiety |
| LSP1-1 | mGluR4 PAM | Research | Neuroprotection |
The study of Grm4 — Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 4 has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
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[2] Nicoletti F, et al. Metabotropic glutamate receptors: from the workbench to the bedside. Neuropharmacology. 2011.
[3] Cleva RM, et al. mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 in Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology. 2011.
[4] Austin PJ, et al. mGluR2 receptors in neurodegenerative disease. J Neurochem. 2014.
[5] Liu J, et al. mGluR2 in Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci. 2016.
[1] Valenti O, et al. Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors: targets for new treatments. Pharmacol Ther. 2022;237:108248. PMID:35077617
[2] Corti C, et al. mGlu4 receptors in the basal ganglia. Brain Res Bull. 2021;168:78-89. PMID:33453522
[3] Duty S. Therapeutic potential of targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors for Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm. 2020;127(5):737-752. PMID:32185612
[4] Marino MJ, et al. mGluR4 and movement disorders. Mov Disord. 2021;36(9):2035-2047. PMID:34184923
[5] Amalric M, et al. mGlu4 as a therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology. 2023;225:109376. PMID:38065238