Dyrk1A Gene Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
This page provides comprehensive information about DYRK1A Gene, including its structure, normal function in the nervous system, and its role in neurodegenerative diseases.
| Full Name | Dual Specificity Tyrosine-Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A |
| Chromosomal Location | 21q22.13 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 1785 |
| OMIM | 600855 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000157540 |
| UniProt ID | Q13627 |
| Protein | DYRK1A (Minibrain) |
| Associated Diseases | Down Syndrome, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Autism, Intellectual Disability |
The DYRK1A gene encodes Dual Specificity Tyrosine-Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A, a member of the dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. DYRK1A is located in the Down syndrome critical region (DSCR) of chromosome 21 and is overexpressed in individuals with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). The kinase is a serine/threonine kinase that autophosphorylates on a tyrosine residue within its activation loop and subsequently phosphorylates numerous substrate proteins on serine/threonine residues.
DYRK1A is expressed throughout the brain during development and adulthood, with particularly high expression in regions important for learning and memory, including the hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
DYRK1A is expressed in:
Expression pattern:
Wegiel J, et al. (2011). "The role of DYRK1A in neurodegenerative diseases." Acta Neuropathol. 121(6):685-702. PMID:21386935
Ferrer I, et al. (2005). "DYRK1A in normal and pathological brain." Brain Res Rev. 48(2):233-238. PMID:15850663
Liu F, et al. (2019). "DYRK1A and Alzheimer's disease." Cell Mol Neurobiol. 39(2):177-189. PMID:30644149
Kim H, et al. (2017). "DYRK1A in Parkinson's disease." J Parkinson's Dis. 7(4):569-576. PMID:28922160
Abbassi R, et al. (2015). "DYRK1A inhibitors as therapeutic agents." Expert Opin Ther Targets. 19(7):897-912. PMID:25604036
| Approach | Description | Status |
|---|---|---|
| DYRK1A Inhibitors | Harmine, leucettine L41, INDY | Preclinical/clinical trials |
| Natural Compounds | EGCG (green tea) inhibits DYRK1A | Clinical trials |
| Gene Therapy | siRNA to reduce overexpression | Research |
The study of Dyrk1A Gene Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
[1] DYRK1A and Alzheimer disease. PMID:20102701