Syp Gene (Synaptophysin) is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
SYP is a gene/protein encoding a key neuronal protein involved in synaptic function, signal transduction, and cellular homeostasis. Dysfunction of SYP is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and related disorders.
Symbol: SYP
Full Name: Synaptophysin
Chromosomal Location: Xp11.23
NCBI Gene ID: 6855
Ensembl ID: ENSG00000102003
UniProt ID: P08240
OMIM: 313475
Synaptophysin (SYP) is the most abundant synaptic vesicle protein and serves as a reliable marker for presynaptic terminals. It plays essential roles in synaptic vesicle formation, trafficking, and neurotransmitter release[1].
Synaptophysin is a major integral membrane protein:
SYP regulates synaptic transmission:
Synaptophysin changes in AD:
In PD, synaptophysin is affected:
SYP alterations in epilepsy:
Synaptic changes in schizophrenia:
SYP is primarily expressed in:
In brain, SYP is widely distributed in excitatory and inhibitory synapses, making it a standard marker for synaptic density.
SYP as a biomarker:
Approaches targeting synaptic function:
Navone F, et al. (1986). "Synaptophysin: a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein throughout the nervous system." J Exp Med. 164(1):141-158. [DOI:10.1084/jem.164.1.141^1]
Valtorta F, et al. (2004). "Synaptophysin: leading actor or walk-on in the control of neurotransmission?" Brain Res Rev. 45(2):119-131. [DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.02.008^2]
Masliah E, et al. (1990). "Synaptic and neuritic alterations during the progression of Alzheimer's disease." Neurosci Lett. 118(2):173-176. DOI:10.1016/0304-3940(9090620-C[3:1]
The study of Syp Gene (Synaptophysin) has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Navone F, et al. (1986). "Synaptophysin: a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein throughout the nervous system." J Exp Med. 164(1):141-158. DOI:10.1084/jem.164.1.141 ↩︎
Valtorta F, et al. (2004). "Synaptophysin: leading actor or walk-on in the control of neurotransmission?" Brain Res Rev. 45(2):119-131. DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.02.008 ↩︎
Masliah E, et al. (1990). "Synaptic and neuritic alterations during the progression of Alzheimer's disease." Neurosci Lett. 118(2):173-176. DOI:10.1016/0304-3940(9090620-C ↩︎ ↩︎