Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) treats chronic pain by stimulating nerves directly.
PNS involves:
- Implanted electrodes on nerves
- Chronic stimulation
- Targets specific nerves
- Less invasive than SCS
- A-beta fibers
- Gate control
- Direct effects
- Central sensitization
- Spinal modulation
- Pain transmission
- VPL/VPM
- Sensory relay
- Pain processing
- S1, S2
- Pain perception
- Emotional components
- Large fiber activation
- Inhibits nociception
- Immediate effect
- Nerve modulation
- Axonal effects
- Neuromodulation
- Spinal cord
- Thalamus
- Cortex
- Occipital nerves
- Headache relief
- Common application
- Trigeminal branches
- Facial pain
- Refractory cases
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Post-surgical
- Mixed results
- Specific nerves
- Early intervention
- Variable
- Less invasive
- Reversible
- Trial period
- Individual nerves
- Precise effects
- Low side effects
- Single nerve areas
- Not widespread
- Specific indications
- Migration
- Battery
- Maintenance
- Peripheral nerve stimulation (2022)
- PNS for chronic pain (2021)