Internal Globus Pallidus (Gpi) Neurons is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
The internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) serves as the primary output nucleus of the basal ganglia, directly influencing thalamic activity and motor control. GPi neurons are critically involved in movement execution and are a primary target for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease. [1]
| Property | Value | [2]
|----------|-------| [3]
| Cell Type Name | Internal Globus Pallidus (GPi) Neurons | [4]
| Allen Atlas ID | N/A | [5]
| Lineage | GABAergic neuron > basal ganglia > globus pallidus | [6]
| Marker Genes | PV, GAD1, GAD2, Htr2a, Npas1 | [7]
| Brain Region | Globus Pallidus, internal segment (GPi) |
| Taxonomy | ID | Name / Label |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Ontology (CL) | CL:0020003 | internal globus pallidus core projecting neuron |
GPi neurons exhibit distinctive features:
GPi is the main output station of the basal ganglia:
Input Sources:
Output Targets:
Function:
| Gene | Expression | Function |
|---|---|---|
| GAD1 | Very High | GABA synthesis |
| GAD2 | Very High | GABA synthesis |
| PV | High | Calcium binding |
| Htr2a | Moderate | Serotonin signaling |
| Npas1 | Moderate | Transcription factor |
The study of Internal Globus Pallidus (Gpi) Neurons has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Internal Globus Pallidus - Allen Brain Atlas
DeLong MR, Cline JM. Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. 1990. ↩︎
Parent A, Hazrati LN. Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. 1995. ↩︎
Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Benitez-Temino B, et al. Functional organization of the basal ganglia: therapeutic implications for Parkinson's disease. 2008. ↩︎
Hammond C, Ammari R, Bioulac B, Garcia L. Latest view on the mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation. 2008. ↩︎
Weaver FM, Follett KA, Stern M, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. 2009. ↩︎
Kalia LV, Lang AE. Parkinson's disease. 2015. ↩︎
Vidailhet M, Vercueil L, Houeto JL, et al. Bilateral, pallidal, deep-brain stimulation in primary generalised dystonia: a prospective 3 year follow-up study. 2007. ↩︎