Enteric Neurons In Parkinson'S Disease is a cell type relevant to neurodegenerative disease research. This page covers its role in brain function, involvement in disease processes, and significance for therapeutic strategies.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) contains millions of neurons distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and serves as the "second brain." Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently involves the ENS, with gastrointestinal dysfunction (constipation, nausea, bloating) often predating motor symptoms by years. Lewy pathology in enteric neurons is a hallmark of PD progression. [1]
| Taxonomy | ID | Name / Label |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Ontology (CL) | CL:0007011 | enteric neuron |
| Database | ID | Name | Confidence | [2]
|----------|----|------|------------| [3]
| Cell Ontology | CL:0007011 | enteric neuron | Exact | [4]
| Cell Ontology | CL:4040002 | enteroglial cell | Exact | [5]
The ENS is organized into two major ganglionated plexuses: [6]
Myenteric Plexus (Auerbach's Plexus):
Submucosal Plexus (Meissner's Plexus):
Motility Control:
Secretion Regulation:
Immune Modulation:
The ENS communicates with the CNS through:
Pre-motor Phase:
Motor Phase:
Distribution:
Mechanisms:
The dual-hit hypothesis proposes:
GI Symptom Treatment:
Dietary Interventions:
Disease-Modifying:
Microbiome Modulation:
Gut-Brain Axis:
The study of Enteric Neurons In Parkinson'S Disease has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Sampson TR, et al. Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson's disease. 2016. ↩︎
Clairembault T, et al. Enteric alpha-synuclein as a trigger for Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. 2020. ↩︎
Mulak A, Bonaz B. Brain-gut-microbiota axis in Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional pathway. 2015. ↩︎
Cersosimo MG, Benarroch EE. Neural control of the gastrointestinal tract: Implications for Parkinson disease. 2021. ↩︎
Scheperjans F, et al. Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease and clinical phenotype. 2015. ↩︎
Klingelhoefer L, Reichmann H. Pathogenesis of Parkinson disease - The gut-brain axis and environmental factors. 2015. ↩︎