Gonadotrophs are luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-producing cells in the anterior pituitary. They regulate reproductive function and steroidogenesis.
| Taxonomy | ID | Name / Label |
|---|
Corticotrophs is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes. [1]
| Marker | Function | [2]
|--------|----------| [3]
| ACTH | Primary secreted hormone (from POMC) | [4]
| POMC | Proopiomelanocortin precursor protein | [5]
| CRHR1/2 | Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors | [6]
| T-Pit | T-box transcription factor | [7]
| Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) | Negative feedback |
Corticotrophs express:
These pituitary cell types are essential for endocrine regulation. Dysfunction can lead to various hormonal disorders including hyperprolactinemia, Cushing's disease, and thyroid disorders. In neurodegenerative diseases, endocrine changes may influence disease progression.
Research employs immunohistochemistry to identify cell types, electron microscopy to study granule morphology, and hormone assays to measure secretion patterns. Cell culture models help study pituitary cell function.
Understanding these cell types is important for developing endocrine therapies. Dopamine agonists (e.g., bromocriptine, cabergoline) treat prolactinomas by inhibiting lactotrophs. Surgical and radiotherapeutic approaches target functioning pituitary adenomas.
The study of Corticotrophs has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Lupien SJ, et al. Cortisol and neurodegeneration. Nat Rev Neurosci. Cortisol and neurodegeneration. 2018. ↩︎
Hillemacher T, et al. CRH in Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm. CRH in Alzheimer's disease. 2020. ↩︎
Charleston JS, et al. Pituitary-adrenal axis in PD. Mov Disord. Pituitary-adrenal axis in PD. 2017. ↩︎
Van Craenenbroeck K, et al. CRH and neurodegeneration. Front Neuroendocrinol. CRH and neurodegeneration. 2021. ↩︎
O'Connor TM, et al. The role of CRH in neurodegeneration. J Neurochem. The role of CRH in neurodegeneration. 2019. ↩︎
Björkqvist M, et al. HPA axis in HD. Brain Res Bull. HPA axis in HD. 2018. ↩︎
Przedborski S, et al. Neuroinflammation and HPA axis. Nat Rev Neurol. Neuroinflammation and HPA axis. 2022. ↩︎