Autophagy defects contribute to neurodegeneration by allowing accumulation of damaged organelles and protein aggregates.
Autophagy (macroautophagy, microautophagy, CMA) is essential for neuronal health. Defects are observed in AD, PD, HD, and ALS.
- PINK1/Parkin mitophagy defects
- Accumulation of damaged mitochondria
- Early vulnerability in PD
- Autophagic flux impairment
- Protein aggregate accumulation
- Axonal transport defects
- Basal autophagy reduced
- Age-related decline
- Aggregate-prone proteins
- mTORC1 hyperactivation
- AMPK dysregulation
- ULK1 complex issues
- PI3K complex defects
- ATG proteins deficiency
- LC3 lipidation problems
- Lysosomal dysfunction
- VAMP8 defects
- SNARE machinery issues
- mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin)
- AMPK activators (metformin)
- Natural compounds
- TFEB activation
- Gene therapy approaches
- Pharmacological enhancement
- Autophagy in neurodegeneration (2022)
- Neuronal autophagy defects (2021)