The Biomarkers Dashboard is the central navigation hub for NeuroWiki's coverage of neurodegenerative disease biomarkers. With 158 dedicated biomarker pages spanning fluid, imaging, digital, and emerging modalities, this dashboard guides researchers, clinicians, and students to the most appropriate biomarker information. [1]
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total Biomarker Pages | 158 |
| Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers | ~35 |
| Parkinson's Disease Biomarkers | ~28 |
| ALS/SPECTRUM Biomarkers | ~18 |
| Fluid Biomarkers | ~42 |
| Imaging Biomarkers | ~24 |
| Emerging/Digital Modalities | ~30 |
Last comprehensive coverage review: 2026-03-29
| Disease | Key Biomarkers | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's Disease | p-Tau217, p-Tau181, Aβ42/40, GFAP, NfL | Alzheimer's Biomarkers |
| Parkinson's Disease | α-Synuclein RT-QuIC, pSer129, NfL | Parkinson's Biomarkers |
| ALS | NfL, pNfH, CHIT1, TDP-43 | ALS Biomarkers |
| Dementia with Lewy Bodies | α-Synuclein, DAT imaging, REM sleep | DLB Biomarkers |
| CBS/PSP | 4R-Tau, p-Tau181, NFL | CBS/PSP Biomarkers |
| Modality | Description | Entry Page |
|---|---|---|
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid — gold standard | CSF Biomarkers |
| Blood | Plasma/serum — least invasive | Blood Biomarkers |
| PET | Positron emission tomography | Amyloid PET, Tau PET |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging | DTI, ASL Perfusion |
| Digital | Wearables, speech, gait | Digital Biomarkers |
| Category | Key Players |
|---|---|
| Tau | p-Tau181, p-Tau217, p-Tau231, total-tau |
| Amyloid | Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40 ratio |
| Synuclein | Total α-synuclein, pSer129, seed amplification |
| Neurodegeneration | NfL, neurogranin, SNAP-25, synaptophysin |
| Astrocyte/Microglia | GFAP, YKL-40, sTREM2, IL-6 |
| Genetic | APOE, GBA, LRRK2, MAPT |
The AT(N) biomarker classification system categorizes biomarkers by the pathological process they measure: [1:1]
This framework enables biochemically grounded disease staging and is now standard in AD research and clinical trials. [2]
| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-Tau217 | Plasma | 90-96% | 85-92% | 0.95-0.97 | Diagnosis, staging |
| p-Tau181 | Plasma | 85-92% | 82-88% | 0.90-0.94 | Diagnosis, screening |
| Aβ42/40 ratio | CSF | 75-85% | 80-90% | 0.84-0.89 | Confirmed diagnosis |
| Amyloid PET | PET | 88-94% | 83-90% | 0.90-0.93 | Definitive amyloid |
| GFAP | Plasma | 70-85% | 75-88% | 0.80-0.87 | Astrocyte activation |
| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-Synuclein RT-QuIC | CSF | 82-88% | 94-98% | 0.90-0.94 | PD/DLB diagnosis |
| pSer129 α-synuclein | Blood | 70-85% | 75-88% | 0.80-0.87 | Pathology staging |
| NfL | Plasma | 75-85% | 70-80% | 0.78-0.85 | Progression tracking |
| DAT imaging | PET | 80-90% | 75-85% | 0.82-0.88 | Dopaminergic loss |
| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NfL | Plasma | 78-88% | 78-85% | 0.84-0.90 | Diagnosis, prognosis |
| pNfH(/biomarkers/phosphorylated-neurofilament-heavy) | Plasma | 70-82% | 75-85% | 0.78-0.85 | Progression |
| CHIT1 | CSF | 65-78% | 80-88% | 0.76-0.83 | Disease staging |
| Biomarker | Assay | Company | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amyloid PET (Florbetapir) | Avid Amyvid | Lilly | 2012 |
| Amyloid PET (Florbetaben) | Neuraceq | Piramal | 2014 |
| Tau PET (Flortaucipir) | Tauvid | Lilly | 2020 |
| CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 (Lumipulse) | Lumipulse | Fujirebio | 2022 |
| CSF p-Tau181 (Lumipulse) | Lumipulse | Fujirebio | 2023 |
| Plasma p-Tau217 (ALZpath) | ALZpath Simoa | ALZpath | 2024 |
| NfL (Neurofilament L) | FDA LDT | Various | 2020s |
| Region | Agency | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | PMDA | Approved: Aβ PET, Tau PET, Lumipulse CSF |
| China | NMPA | Approved: Aβ PET, NfL LDTs |
| South Korea | KFDA | Approved: Aβ PET, Lumipulse CSF |
These biomarkers have emerging evidence but are not yet fully validated for clinical use:
NeuroWiki tracks biomarker performance across diverse populations:
| Cohort | Country | Biomarkers Validated |
|---|---|---|
| J-ADNI | Japan | p-Tau181/217, Aβ42/40, NfL, GFAP |
| [KBASE](https://www.kbase initiative.org/) | Korea | p-Tau181, Aβ42/40, NfL, multi-modal |
| CANDI | China | p-Tau181/217, Aβ42/40, volumetric MRI |
| HAMS | Japan | p-Tau217, α-synuclein RT-QuIC |
Population-specific cutoffs are documented on individual biomarker pages. [4]
Jack et al. NIA-AA Research Framework (2018). 2018. ↩︎ ↩︎
Cummings J, et al. Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline (2024). 2024. ↩︎
Hansson et al. Blood P-tau217 for AD diagnosis (2020). 2020. ↩︎
Kawasaki S, et al. Japanese cohort plasma p-tau217 for AD (2025). 2025. ↩︎